Free Promissory Note Template (Secured or Unsecured)

A promissory note is a written promise by a borrower to pay back a specific amount of money to a lender, on set terms. It's what you sign when you lend money to a friend, a family member, a business partner or a buyer who pays you in installments. This template covers the amount, interest, payment schedule, what happens on late payment or default, and optional collateral.

MultiDocs team7 min readUpdated November 6, 2026With official sources

In 30 seconds

  • A promissory note states the amount borrowed, the interest rate, how and when it will be repaid, and what happens on default.
  • Unsecured notes rely only on the borrower's promise. Secured notes give the lender collateral, such as a car or equipment, if the borrower doesn't pay.
  • Maximum interest rates (usury limits) vary by state. Charging more can make the interest uncollectable or worse.
  • For family loans, the IRS may treat interest below the applicable federal rate as a gift or imputed income on larger loans.

Secured or unsecured?

An unsecured promissory note is just a promise to pay. If the borrower doesn't pay, the lender's remedy is to sue for the debt. It is the usual choice for small loans between people who trust each other.

A secured promissory note adds collateral: the borrower gives the lender a security interest in specific property, such as a vehicle, equipment or inventory. If the borrower defaults, the lender can take the collateral under the procedures in Article 9 of the UCC. To protect that right against other creditors, the lender often has to "perfect" it, for example by filing a UCC-1 financing statement with the state or being listed as lienholder on a vehicle title. Loans secured by a house use a mortgage or deed of trust, which this template does not replace.

What a promissory note should include

  • Borrower and lender, and any co-signer.
  • Principal: the amount lent.
  • Interest: the annual rate, or "no interest," and how it's calculated.
  • Repayment: lump sum on a date, fixed installments, or on demand.
  • Late fees and default: when the loan is in default and what the lender can do (acceleration, costs).
  • Prepayment: whether the borrower can pay early without penalty.
  • Collateral, if secured.
  • Signatures of the borrower and any co-signer. The lender signing too is good practice.

Promissory note template

PROMISSORY NOTE

Principal amount: $ ____________ Date: ______________ Place: ______________________________ (city, state)

Borrower: ______________________________, address: ______________________________ ("Borrower")
Lender: ______________________________, address: ______________________________ ("Lender")

1. Promise to pay. For value received, Borrower promises to pay Lender the principal sum of $ ____________ (______________________________ dollars), plus interest as stated below.

2. Interest. ☐ This loan carries no interest. ☐ Interest accrues on the unpaid principal at ______% per year, simple interest, from the date of this Note until paid in full. In no case will the interest rate exceed the maximum rate allowed by law; any amount paid above that limit will be applied to principal or refunded.

3. Repayment. Choose one:
☐ Lump sum: Borrower will pay all principal and interest in full on or before ______________.
☐ Installments: Borrower will pay ______ monthly installments of $ ____________, beginning on ______________ and on the same day of each month after that, until paid in full. The final installment is due on ______________. Each payment is applied first to late fees, then to interest, then to principal.
☐ On demand: Borrower will pay all principal and interest within ______ days after Lender's written demand.

4. Method of payment. Payments will be made by ☐ bank transfer ☐ check ☐ payment app ☐ other: ______________ to Lender at the address or account Lender designates in writing.

5. Prepayment. Borrower may prepay all or part of this Note at any time without penalty. Prepayments are applied to accrued interest first, then principal.

6. Late payment. If any payment is more than ______ days late, Borrower will pay a late fee of $ ______ or ______% of the late payment, but not more than the law allows.

7. Default. Borrower is in default if: (a) any payment is more than ______ days late; (b) Borrower becomes insolvent or files for bankruptcy; or (c) Borrower breaks any other promise in this Note and does not fix it within ______ days of written notice. On default, Lender may, after giving any notice required by law, declare the entire unpaid principal and accrued interest immediately due ("acceleration").

8. Security. ☐ Unsecured: this Note is not secured by any property. ☐ Secured: to secure payment, Borrower grants Lender a security interest in the following property (the "Collateral"): ______________________________ (description, serial number or VIN). Borrower will keep the Collateral in good condition and insured, and will not sell it or grant another lien on it without Lender's written consent. Borrower authorizes Lender to file any financing statement or title notation needed to perfect this security interest. On default, Lender may exercise the rights of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted in the governing state.

9. Collection costs. If Lender must take legal action to collect, Borrower will pay Lender's reasonable collection costs and attorney fees, to the extent allowed by law.

10. Co-signer. ☐ None. ☐ The co-signer below is jointly and severally responsible with Borrower for all amounts due under this Note.

11. Waivers. Borrower waives presentment, demand for payment, notice of dishonor and protest, to the extent allowed by law. Lender's delay in exercising a right is not a waiver of it.

12. General. This Note is governed by the laws of the state of ______________. If any part is unenforceable, the rest remains in effect. Any change must be in writing and signed by Borrower and Lender. This Note may be signed electronically.

Borrower: ______________________________ Signature: ______________________________ Date: ______________
Co-signer (if any): ______________________________ Signature: ______________________________ Date: ______________
Lender: ______________________________ Signature: ______________________________ Date: ______________

Fill it in and sign it free⬇ Download as Word (.docx)Free, no account.

How to sign a promissory note online

  1. Upload it. Fill in the amount and terms, save it as a PDF and upload it to MultiDocs.
  2. Place the fields. Signature and date for the borrower, co-signer and lender, initials next to the interest rate and repayment schedule, and an "ask for a document" field for a photo ID.
  3. Send it. By email, text message, WhatsApp or link, in order: borrower and co-signer first, lender last.
  4. Get it back with the audit trail. Everyone gets the signed note with a certificate of date, time, IP, device and the document's SHA-256 fingerprint, which proves the terms weren't changed after signing.

One thing to know about e-signed notes. An e-signed promissory note is an enforceable promise to pay between borrower and lender. Where it gets technical is negotiability: the rules that let a note be sold or pledged to a bank as a negotiable instrument under UCC Article 3 are built around paper, and federal law treats electronic "transferable records" mainly for loans secured by real property (15 U.S.C. § 7021). If you plan to sell or borrow against the note, ask the buyer or bank whether they accept an electronic note, or sign that one on paper.

Interest, usury and taxes

Usury limits vary by state. Each state sets its own maximum interest rates for different kinds of loans, with many exceptions for licensed lenders, business loans and larger amounts. The consequences of going over also vary, from losing the excess interest to losing all interest. Clause 2 caps the rate at the legal maximum, but check your state's rate before you fill in a number. If you lend money as a business, you may also need a lender's license and must follow consumer lending laws such as the Truth in Lending Act.

Co-signers and business lenders. If you lend as a business to consumers, the FTC Credit Practices Rule requires you to give any co-signer a separate Notice to Cosigner before they sign (16 CFR § 444.3).

Family loans and the IRS. If you lend at no interest or below the applicable federal rate (AFR), the IRS may treat the foregone interest as a gift and as interest income to the lender under 26 U.S.C. § 7872, with exceptions for small loans (generally $10,000 or less between individuals). The IRS publishes the AFRs every month. A written note with a real repayment schedule also helps show it's a loan, not a gift.

This is general information, not legal advice. For your specific situation, ask a lawyer licensed in your state.

FAQs

Is a promissory note legally binding?

Yes. A signed promissory note is an enforceable promise to pay. If the borrower doesn't pay, the lender can sue to collect, and if the note is secured, take the collateral following state law.

Does a promissory note need to be notarized?

Generally no. Notarization can help prove the signature, and is usually required for documents recorded with the county, such as a mortgage or deed of trust.

What's the difference between a secured and unsecured note?

A secured note gives the lender rights to specific property if the borrower defaults. An unsecured note doesn't, so the lender can only sue for the debt.

What interest rate can I charge on a personal loan?

Up to your state's usury limit, which varies. For family loans, charging at least the IRS applicable federal rate avoids most gift and imputed-interest issues on larger loans.

Can a promissory note be signed electronically?

Yes, it's enforceable between the parties. If you want to sell or pledge the note to a bank, ask whether they accept electronic notes first.

Is a promissory note the same as a loan agreement?

Not quite. A promissory note is mainly the borrower's promise to pay. A loan agreement is a longer contract with obligations for both sides. For most personal loans, a note is enough.

Official sources

We checked each source on November 6, 2026. If you spot an out-of-date fact, write to us at info@multidocs.es.